Glossary

BOD (Biological Oxygen Demand): the rate of wastewater pollution expressed by the amount of oxygen required by micro organisms for the biological oxidation of organic waste in a unit volume of waste water.

CCS (Carbon Capture Storage): a technique to mitigate global warming by capturing carbon dioxide (CO₂) from large point sources such as fossil fuel power plants and storing it in a suitable underground geological formation instead of releasing it into the atmosphere.

CDM (Clean Development Mechanism): one of the three flexible mechanisms under the Kyoto Protocol that allows industrialised countries with a GHG reduction commitment to invest in emission reduction projects in developing countries to help meet their own emission targets in a more cost effective way.

COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand): a parameter similar to BOD, differing only in that the oxidation of components in waste water is based on the use of chemicals.

DOC (Declaration of conformity): the process by which businesses and subsidiaries of MOL Group declares the level of compliance with MOL Group HSE Management System based on conducted self-assessments and audits.

ETS (Emission trading scheme): the Greenhouse Gas Emission Trading scheme of the European Union is a market based instrument for cost effective reduction of Greenhouse Gas Emissions.

FTE: Full-time equivalent

GHG (Greenhouse gases): gases that contribute to the formation of an undesirable insulating blanket around the Earth by trapping heat from infrared radiation (CO₂, CH₄, N₂O, HFC, PFC, SF₆).

GRI (Global Reporting Initiative): a multi-stakeholder process and independent institution whose mission is to develop and disseminate globally applicable Sustainability Reporting Guidelines.

HSE: Health, Safety and Environment

Incident inquiry rate: number of HSE incidents inquired by root cause analyses (TRIPOD approach) per number of all HSE incidents.

JI (Joint Implementation): one of the three flexible mechanisms under the Kyoto Protocol that allows industrialised countries with a GHG reduction commitment to invest in emission reduction projects that enhance removal by sinks, in another industrialised country, and count the resulting emission reduction units (ERUs) to help meet their own country's emission targets in a more cost effective way.

LTIF (Lost Time Injury Frequency): the number of incidents of lost time injury (LTI) per one million hours worked.

PM (Particulate Matter): particulate matter is finely dispersed solid matter produced by burning and other technological processes; the most dangerous are fractions finer than 10 µm (PM10).

RAR (Road accident rate): the number of road accidents per 1 million km driven.

Remediation: preventing, minimising, remedying or mitigating the effects of pollution in relation to contaminated land or water, or restoring such land or water to its former state.

SD (Sustainable Development): “Development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs” (source: UN / Brundtland Report).

Spills: Unintended or uncontrolled release of hazardous materials exceeding 1 cubic metre to the external environment (groundwater, surface water, soil), except spills contained in impervious containments.

SS (Solid Substances): particles which do not dissolve in water.

TPH (Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons): oil substances, a parameter expressing the pollution of surface water by organic oil substances.

VOC (Volatile Organic Compounds): any organic compound with a vapour pressure of 0.01 kPa or higher at 293.15 K (20 ºC), or which has similar volatility under the actual conditions of use (methane is not included); most ground-level ozone (smog) results from a reaction between NOX and VOCs.

VRU: vapour recovery unit.